ABSTRACT
This chapter explains the concept of inverse problems through concrete examples. A mathematical model enables to understand a mathematical representation of a person, a building, a vehicle, a tree or a process such as weather pattern, traffic flow or air flow over a wing of an aeroplane. The chapter presents models are created from a mass of data, equations and computations that mimic the actions of objects or processes. Models usually include graphic displays that translate number crunching into animations that one can see on a computer screen or other visual device. Models can be simple images they can be complex, carrying all the characteristics of the object or process they represent. For proper understanding of any real world system, a mathematical formulation of that system is essential. Usually mathematical formulation is an ordinary differential equation or a partial differential equation or in the form of an optimization problem or matrix equation.
