ABSTRACT
The basic principle of diving is based upon underwater physics and underwater physiology. Divers and remotely operated vehicles are both integral to any underwater or subsea operation that is carried out for all the petroleum operations. There are three types of diving offshore, typically defined by the depth at which the dive takes place: air diving, saturation diving and hard suit diving. A remotely operated vehicle (ROV) is the common accepted name for tethered underwater robots in the offshore industry. ROVs can be classified as follows: work' class ROVs, 'observation' or 'general' class ROVs, 'mini' and 'micro' class ROVs and 'special purpose' ROVs. A standard ROV system consists of three major hardware sub-components, namely the ROV vehicle, tether management system and the launching and recovery system. The ROV is fully controlled from a surface station based on the sensory feedback on the system.
