ABSTRACT
Since NF membranes, in particular interfacially polymerized membranes are different in several aspects such as material, morphology, transport/ separation mechanism, and applications, a large number of different techniques are required for their characterizations. Characterization methods of NF membranes can be generally divided into three major groups, that is, methods used for chemistry evaluation, methods used for physical properties analysis, and filtration process for assessing membrane separation performance. Depending on the practical use of NF membranes, membrane stability tests against chlorination, organic solvent, thermal, and fouling can also be performed to examine their sustainability under specific environments.
