ABSTRACT
NF, in concept and operation, is much the same as RO. The key difference is the degree of removal of monovalent ions such as chlorides. Compared to RO membranes which can remove the monovalent ions up to 98%–99%, NF membranes in general show between 50% and 90% rejection. Its level of ion removal varies depending on the material and manufacture of the membrane. For this reason, there are a variety of NF membranes available in the current market for different applications.
