ABSTRACT
This chapter explains the key principles in the management of complex pediatric colorectal diagnoses. It provides case-based presentations, radiographic images, and operative images with multiple choice questions to test knowledge. The chapter reviews a case of three-month-old female with a possible anorectal malformation. It presents the clinical image of a female perineum and the clinical figure shows an anterior ectopic anus and calibrates to the size of a normal anus and the anus is within the sphincter complex and the perineal body will increase with age. The perineal body appears to be red and inflamed. This is a perineal groove and is a relatively common finding. On occasion, this is mucosal, but tends to resolve spontaneously and does not require surgical excision. Provided the anal opening is within the sphincter and is of adequate size, the surgical intervention is required. Surgical excision has been reported for cosmetic reasons and due to persistent production of mucous.
