ABSTRACT

Surface plasmon resonance (SPR) is an optical-based sensing technology that allows for real-time qualitative and quantitative measurement of molecular interactions without the need of labeling procedures. The rst report of this phenomenon was in 1902 with the observation that dark troughs occurred in the spectrum of diffracted light when a metal diffraction grating was illuminated with a multispectral

8.1 Introduction to Surface Plasmon Resonance Sensors................................... 221 8.1.1 Brief Overview ................................................................................. 221 8.1.2 Current Advances in SPR Sensing ................................................... 222

8.2 SPR Sensing Congurations ......................................................................... 223 8.2.1 Propagating SPR ............................................................................... 223 8.2.2 SPR Imaging .....................................................................................226 8.2.3 Localized SPR .................................................................................. 227 8.2.4 SPR Sensing with Other Congurations .......................................... 229

8.3 Optical-Chemical Transducing Mediums for SPR .......................................230 8.3.1 Self-Assembled Monolayers .............................................................230 8.3.2 Antibodies ......................................................................................... 231 8.3.3 Aptamers ........................................................................................... 232 8.3.4 Molecular Imprinting Polymers .......................................................234 8.3.5 Graphene ........................................................................................... 235

8.4 SPR Sensing Applications ............................................................................ 235 8.4.1 Measurement of Physical Quantities ................................................ 235 8.4.2 Chemical Sensing ............................................................................. 236 8.4.3 Biosensing ......................................................................................... 237

8.5 Future Trends of SPR Sensor Development ................................................. 238 References .............................................................................................................. 238

light source (Wood 1902). Since this initial observance, many groups have studied SPR and developed methods to theoretically and experimentally characterize this behavior. The use of SPR systems for chemical detection was demonstrated in the 1980s which led to its eventual transition, in the 1990s, for use as a robust bioanalytical tool for probing biomolecular interactions. To date, SPR has become a popular core technology integrated into several research-based biosensing devices due to its ultrasensitivity and potentially inexpensive instrumentation when compared to many other high-performance sensing approaches (e.g., Raman spectroscopy, liquid chromatography, mass spectrometry, etc.).