ABSTRACT
CONTENTS 9.1 Introduction ....................................................................................................................... 261
9.1.1 General Remarks................................................................................................... 261 9.1.2 Background History ............................................................................................. 264
9.2 Experimental Evidence .................................................................................................... 266 9.2.1 Rat Behavior .......................................................................................................... 269 9.2.2 Plants....................................................................................................................... 270 9.2.3 Bone......................................................................................................................... 274 9.2.4 Harmonics .............................................................................................................. 276 9.2.5 Physiological Reversals........................................................................................ 278 9.2.6 Water....................................................................................................................... 278
9.3 Theoretical Approaches ................................................................................................... 280 9.3.1 Physical Constraints ............................................................................................. 280 9.3.2 Ion Channels.......................................................................................................... 281 9.3.3 Dependence on AC Magnetic Field................................................................... 283 9.3.4 Precessional Effects............................................................................................... 285 9.3.5 Coherence Domains.............................................................................................. 285
9.4 Discussion .......................................................................................................................... 286 References ................................................................................................................................... 287
9.1.1 General Remarks
Ion cyclotron resonance (ICR) is one among a number of possible mechanisms that have been advanced to explain observed interactions between weak low-frequency electromagnetic fields and biological systems. Despite the failure to find a reasonable physical explanation, there remains an impressive body of experimental evidence that can be taken as an empirical basis for this hypothesis. The ICR suggestion has proven fruitful in framing both experimental and theoretical work, despite the biophysical situation being far from the literal cyclotron resonance model of an isolated classical charged particle moving in a vacuum under the influence of a magnetic field.
