ABSTRACT
The control systems serving the automation and optimization of solar collectors, wind turbines, fuel cells, and geothermal, hydrogen, and other renewable energy processes require reliable information on the operational states of these processes. This feedback is also needed when the goal is energy conservation through the optimization of conventional processes. Obtaining information on the operation of traditional processes or data on solar radiation, wind speed, rate of electricity production, heat and material balances of renewable energy processes requires sensors and analyzers. This chapter describes the various sensors and analyzers that are needed to measure these and many other operating conditions of the alternative energy processes.
