V van’t Hoff’s law This refers either to the law relating to chemical kinetics or the law governing the osmotic pressure of solutions.

Regarding osmotic pressure, van’t Hoff’s law dictates the fundamental law that relates the osmotic pressure in dilute solutions to other parameters as

PV = iRT ,

where P is the osmotic pressure, V is the volume, T the absolute temperature, R the universal gas constant, and i a measure of the “abnormality” of the substance. Large values of i are due to the dissociation of the dissolved substance into ions.