ABSTRACT
This chapter illustrates a common and important feature of engineering design in general, namely, the trade-off between conflicting performance requirements and considers the voltage divider supplying a load at a reduced voltage. There are two basic circuit laws, known as Kirchhoff's laws, which are expressions of conservation of charge and conservation of energy. Kirchhoff's laws are first applied to analyze some simple circuits, namely, resistive voltage dividers and current dividers. A node is the junction of two or more circuit elements. An essential node is the junction of three or more circuit elements. A path is a set of one or more adjoining circuit elements that may be traversed in succession without passing through the same node more than once. A practical voltage source departs from the ideal in that the voltage at its terminals decreases with increasing current supplied by the source.
