Most buildings use flexural members, members that function in bending, as the dominant structural elements. Bending and shear are defined quantitatively, and methods are introduced for calculating and plotting the Bending Moment Diagram and Shear Force Diagram for a beam. Most buildings use flexural members, members that function in bending, as the dominant structural elements. A large Bending Moment will produce more bending than would a small Bending Moment. The maximum value of the B.M. in a beam, whether positive or negative, is then the maximum bending effect in the beam. A large Bending Moment will produce more bending than would a small Bending Moment. The Bending Moment Diagram for a beam carrying distributed loads is obtained in just the same way as for concentrated loads. The point loads at D and E then give rise to a Shear Force Diagram and a Bending Moment Diagram like those indicated.