ABSTRACT
HDM-4 also incorporates improved technical relationships mainly by updating Technical and calibrating existing relationships to best current knowledge in the areas of relationships
• traffic congestion, including the impacts of slow-moving non-motorized traffic; • wider range of pavement types and structures, particularly with the incorpora-
tion of portland cement concrete; • cold climate effects on pavements; • traffic safety;
• environmental effects, in terms of energy consumption and vehicle emissions.
