ABSTRACT
Micro-and nanosystems require even smaller power sources, as weight and volume of onboard energy sources are disproportionately large compared with the systems they power. The roles of energy storage and energy dissipation in microsystems differ considerably from the world of practical daily experience. Designing micro-and nanosystems demands close examination of energy budgets and taking advantage of the merits of smallness as well as minimizing its adverse effects. In Figure 9.1 we compare progress made in improving processors, hard disk drive (HDD) capacity, and battery energy stored. Compared with the other technologies, progress in battery improvement is obviously much more sluggish, with a growth of, at most, 2-3% per year: there is obviously no Moore’s law for batteries.
