ABSTRACT
Humanity is currently facing a problem of soaring energy product prices (gasoline, diesel, natural gas) due to increasing energy demand and depleting sources of conventional energy (gasoline oil will be exhausted in less than a century). Increasing human population highly contributed to the consumption of conventional energy sources resulting in increasing greenhouse gases (1 kg wood releases mainly 403 g CO2, 86 g CH4 131 g CO, 69 g hydrocarbon, 4.7 g NO, other gases), which is not good for the environment. The global population is expected to increase dramatically to 10.4 billion people in 2100 followed by an increase in energy demand of up to 30 terawatt (TW)/year, resulting in the release of 13.3 gigatons of carbon (GtC)/year of CO2 in the atmosphere as shown in Figure 4.1 (Wigley et al. 1996; Hoffert et al. 1998; Lewis and Nocera 2006).
