ABSTRACT
In liquid crystal phases, molecules are organized with an interme-
diate degree of order, between the 3D positional long-range order
exhibited by crystals and the short-range ordering typical of liquids
(a more precise definition of the liquid crystal types of ordering
will be given ahead). These intermediate phases are also called
mesophases. The molecules or molecular segments, which give rise
to this type of order are called mesogenic or mesomorphic.
