ABSTRACT
156Meta-analysis of existing evidence is prerequisite for scientific and ethical design of new studies. Research synthesis will not eliminate dissent or error, nor discourage innovation. The creation and wide spread use of synthetic tools in science will facilitate greater convergence in scientific communities. Meta-analysis helps clinicians to produce evidence based treatment. Applying results of meta-analysis to an individual patient involves, (1) consideration of the applicability of evidence, (2) the feasibility of the intervention in a particular settings, (3) risk ratio in the individual patient, and (4) incorporation of the patient values and preferences. The results can be extrapolated to a specific patient by either considering results in the most relevant subgroups or by multivariate risk prediction equations or by using clinical judgment to determine a specific patient’s risk status. Meta-analysis is the optimum method of summarizing evidence of effectiveness of clinical practice guidance. Meta-analysis helps in the development of methods for economic evaluation. The results of meta-analysis helps in the determination of the number needed to treat.
Meta-analysis helps policy makers to make meaningful decisions. Policy making should be based on best current knowledge and takes into account of resources and values in the interpretation of evidence.
