ABSTRACT
One of the key problems of physical chemistry of polymers is the determination of the relationship between their structure and properties. Because of the importance of this subject, fundamental and applied investigations of the mechanism of deformation of polymers have been carried out over many decades and are generalised in many monographs and textbooks [1–7]. These investigations determined many fundamental relationships between the structure and properties of polymers. The most important results have been obtained in the application of direct investigation methods, such as different types of microscopy and x-ray phase analysis. It is important to mention that the application of these methods is most efficient when investigating the mechanism of the formation of crystalline polymers, whereas the application of these methods for amorphous polymers yields only a small amount of information.
