ABSTRACT
The development of machine vision technologies has been remarkable in the past 10 years. The applications, and therefore, the research, have mostly been intended for industrial use. Today, the costs and usability of the machine vision equipment have
7.1 Introduction .................................................................................................. 129 7.2 Basics of Machine Vision ............................................................................. 130
7.2.1 Traditional Machine Vision .............................................................. 130 7.2.1.1 Choosing a Camera ............................................................ 130 7.2.1.2 Choosing the Optics ........................................................... 133 7.2.1.3 Choosing the Lighting ....................................................... 134 7.2.1.4 Choosing the Analyzing Software ..................................... 137
7.2.2 Smart Camera Systems ..................................................................... 138 7.2.3 3D Imaging ....................................................................................... 139
7.2.3.1 Laser Scanning .................................................................. 139 7.2.3.2 Stereo Imaging ................................................................... 140 7.2.3.3 Kinect-Based 3D Imaging ................................................. 140 7.2.3.4 Fringe Imaging................................................................... 140 7.2.3.5 Time of Flight .................................................................... 141
7.2.4 Nonvisible Machine Vision Technologies ........................................ 142 7.2.4.1 Infrared Imaging ................................................................ 142 7.2.4.2 Near-Infrared Spectral Imaging ........................................ 143
7.3 Machine Vision for Health and Social Care ................................................. 144 7.3.1 Separating Autism Spectrum Disorders with 3D Imaging ............... 144 7.3.2 Kinect-Controlled Physiotherapy ..................................................... 144 7.3.3 Automated Venipuncture .................................................................. 145
7.4 Machine Vision Creating Future Possibilities for Smart Health and Social Care .............................................................................................145 7.4.1 Kinect-Based Imaging in Enhancing Well-Being ............................. 145 7.4.2 Infrared Imaging in Welfare Technology Applications.................... 146 7.4.3 Near-Infrared Spectral Imaging in Diagnostics ............................... 147
7.5 Conclusion .................................................................................................... 148 References .............................................................................................................. 148
improved, making machine vision applications much easier to employ in everyday use. There are significant advantages in machine vision compared with traditional methods of diagnostics or physical therapy. First, machine vision is a non invasive technology. For instance, there is no need for needles in imaging. It is possible to image wide areas simultaneously by machine vision. This makes the procedure quick and repeatable, even if there is no certainty where to image. Machine vision can be used to monitor health and well-being, for example, the physical and physiological changes in a human body. Because the applications have been designed for industry, new innovative adaptations are needed to make them applicable for enhancing well-being (Leino et al. 2015).
