ABSTRACT

In recent years, there have been a number of high-profile critical incidents and large-scale special events that have challenged public safety organizations across the country. Complex events such as incidents of widespread civil unrest or venues drawing national and global attention often present a myriad of challenges and potential problems for organizations and communities. Far too often, communities are caught off guard, finding that their response plans and resources are less than adequate. When this occurs, the results can lead to a number of negative consequences, including potential loss of life and property as well as a general lack of confidence in government. As an example, the recent civil unrest in Ferguson, Missouri, had a devastating impact on the local community and law enforcement, and it will take some time to establish requisite levels of trust and rebuild impacted areas.