ABSTRACT
Pelton turbines are the most widely used among impulse turbines covering a remarkable range from less than a kilowatt to single units producing hundreds of megawatts. In addition to Peltons, this chapter explores the Turgo and cross-flow impulse turbines, which cover the micro hydro to small hydro range from 1 kW typically up to 5 MW. The Pelton and Turgo are tangential flow turbines with jets striking the periphery of the runner and exiting from the sides whereas the cross-flow is a radial flow turbine with the water flowing along the radius toward the shaft of the runner after striking the first set of blades.
