ABSTRACT
Although in most cases epistaxis is self-limiting, this can be a life-threatening condition. Management would involve the following steps. First, assess the patient while attempting digital control of the bleeding, second, identify the source of the bleeding and finally stop further haemorrhage. Around 80% of cases of epistaxis arise from Kiesselbach’s plexus of vessels in Little’s area of the anterior portion of the septum. The patient should attempt to clear their nose of blood by blowing their nose. A balloon catheter can also be used for tamponade in posterior epistaxis. A Foley catheter is inserted into the nostril until the tip is seen in the posterior pharynx. The balloon is then partially inflated with water and pulled back to sit firmly against the posterior choanae and secured in place. Pressure on the alae or columella should be avoided to prevent possible necrosis.
