ABSTRACT
Informed consent is the process whereby patients understand and agree to treatment after a full discussion of the disease, the treatment process and its potential benefits, and an explanation of all the significant risks associated with the procedure and any alternative treatments available. It can be verbal or written, and the patient has a legal right to withhold consent. In the UK a child is able to consent to a procedure if he or she is judged to be competent to do so. In routine practice, however, the parent or guardian gives consent on his or her behalf. The procedure and its potential risks are explained to the child and the parent or guardian. In the case of an unconscious patient, when consent cannot be obtained, medical treatment can proceed if it is necessary in order to save a life or to prevent serious or permanent disability.
