ABSTRACT
This chapter discusses different types of basal-cell carcinoma (BCC) and treatment for BCC. It provides the factors that predispose to development of a squamous-cell carcinoma (SCC). The chapter presents different types of malignant melanoma and the indications for sentinel node biopsy in the treatment of malignant melanoma. Sentinel node biopsy is used to identify early lymph node metastasis (or micrometastasis). The first node draining a lesion is identified and removed for biopsy. If the node is positive for disease, a lymph node dissection is performed. Sentinel node biopsy performed in three stages: lymphoscintigraphy, intradermal blue dye injection, and sentinel node biopsy. Lymphatic mapping is carried out by the Nuclear Medicine department. It reveals the lymphatic channels and the sentinel node(s) as they appear in sequence. A late-phase scan is then performed 90 minutes after the injection and the sentinel node(s) are clearly demonstrated. All excised nodes are sent for histological examination and assessment of invasion by melanoma cells.
