ABSTRACT
Learning objectives ■ The parasympathetic division of the ANS ■ Anatomical layout of the PNS ■ Actions of the PNS on tissues ■ Biosynthesis and metabolism
of acetylcholine ■ Receptors for acetylcholine ■ Ganglionic muscarinic ACh receptors ■ Postganglionic muscarinic ACh receptors ■ Summary of muscarinic
ACh receptor subtypes ■ Therapeutic drugs acting in the PNS ■ Nicotinic receptor agonists ■ Nicotinic receptor antagonists ■ Muscarinic receptor
agonists ■ Muscarinic receptor antagonists ■ Effects of anticholinergic drugs on the (mainly) muscarinic actions of ACh
Learning objectives Be able to sketch a simple diagram of the layout of the PNS and label ■ neurotransmitter, site of nicotinic and muscarinic receptors and organ innervated by the PNS. Know the effects of PNS stimulation on the organs innervated. ■ Know the basics of ACh biosynthesis and inactivation, the receptor ■ subtypes and some of the agonists, antagonists and their effects and uses when administered as drugs. Be able to list some anticholinergic drugs and their effects and clinical uses. ■ Know what the anticholinesterases are, and their main autonomic actions ■ and clinical uses.
