ABSTRACT
Perthes disease results from idiopathic avascular necrosis of the femoral epiphysis, which in turn impairs the endochondral ossification on the femoral head. Limp or refusal to walk in children is a common reason for referral for assessment. Gait reflects the coordinated action of the lower extremities. Developmental dysplasia of the hip includes a spectrum of abnormalities of the hip joint that varies from mild to severe. The femoral head has an abnormal relationship to the acetabulum. Transient synovitis or ‘irritable hip’ is the most common cause of acute hip pain in childhood. Perthes disease results from idiopathic avascular necrosis of the femoral epiphysis, which in turn impairs the endochondral ossification on the femoral head. Osgood-Schlatter’s disease is inflammation at the site of insertion of the patellar tendon. It is an overuse injury presenting with pain and swelling localised to the tibial tuberosity, in children aged 10–14 years.
