ABSTRACT
Bariatric surgery may pose a signicant opportunity and challenge for individuals who have underlying metabolic conditions that contributed to their obesity-hyperglycemia, hyperinsulinemia, hypertriglyceridemia, hypercholesterolemia, insulin resistance, hypothyroidism, polycystic ovary syndrome (PCOS), and genetic factors like methylene tetrahydrofolate reductase (MTHFR). Obesity results from the following ve basic etiologies, according to Plaisted and Istfan [1]:
• Hyperphagia-abnormally increased appetite for consumption of food associated with injury to hypothalamus
• Reduced physical activity • Endocrine disorders-adrenal, thyroid • Sympathetic nervous system dysfunction-hypertension • Dysinsulinemia-enhanced adipose deposition Obesity predisposes an individual to cardiovascular risk factors
such as dyslipidemia, type 2 diabetes (T2DM), nonalcoholic fatty liver disease (NAFLD), and hypertension [2]. Roux-en-Y gastric bypass (RYGB)-induced sustained weight loss can result in metabolic improvement compared with pharmacological interventions.
