ABSTRACT
The medical complications of the condition affect almost every system in the body, with most studies relying on either body mass index or, more rarely, waist circumference or waist: hip ratio to define the population and determine the risks. Obesity is the main driver behind the rising rates of diabetes seen in the UK. Whereas in the so-called type 1 diabetes, there is a complete lack of insulin production, in the type 2 diabetes, seen in association with obesity, it is insulin resistance which is the main problem. The most common and serious effects of obesity are seen on the heart and blood vessels. Obesity is associated with increased risk of heart attacks, hypertension and strokes. Obesity also causes impaired respiratory function, particularly on lying flat, and can later lead to pulmonary hypertension and right-sided heart failure. Obesity has been reported to be one of the most important preventable causes of cancer.
