ABSTRACT
This chapter describes observations of damage to foundations due to earthquakes. Several experiments were carried out to investigate the effect of faulting on a bridge and its foundations by Y. Ohta and O. Aydan. The most important aspect in earthquake engineering is the interaction between structures and fault breaks. The interaction of foundations of superstructures under the imposed displacement field and shaking conditions due to faulting and earthquake shaking is quite a complex phenomenon. Pseudo-dynamic techniques simulate ground deformation during faulting while eliminating the inertia effects. The heavy ground shaking, permanent movements of foundation rockmass and the close proximity of the bridge to the trace of the earthquake fault were probably the main causes of the total failure of the bridge. In the simulations the width of the fault zone was varied and its effect of displacement response and resulting shear force and moment distributions were also investigated.
