ABSTRACT
Integrity without knowledge is weak and useless, and knowledge without integrity is dangerous and dreadful. Perhaps the most well-known example of scientists wrestling with the ethical aspects of a discovery is the physics behind the critical mass of uranium needed to sustain a chain reaction and thereby a nuclear explosion. The counterpoint to this new science implication was the knowledge that this was also a new source of controlled production of our energy supplies. Organisations and indeed even possibly reader employer may act unethically. As an objective measure of the problem, the author mentions the journal citation half-life metric. The cited half-life is the number of publication years accounting for half of the citations received.
