ABSTRACT
Circuit equivalence is ubiquitous in circuit analysis because of its usefulness, although it is often not explicitly referred to as such. The chapter begins by defining circuit equivalence and examining its general implications. The simple case of series and parallel connection of resistors is considered to begin with and applied to deriving the relation between resistivity and resistance and to the star–delta transformation. The series and parallel connections of ideal sources are contrasted with those of resistors. This leads to a discussion of linear-output sources that have a resistor as an integral part of the source. Circuit equivalence is then applied to deriving the very useful transformation between linear-output, voltage, and current sources. The resistivity ? of a given material is an intrinsic property of the material that is indicative of its electrical resistive property. It is independent of the size or shape of the conducting material.
