ABSTRACT
In the design of novel or new systems, information regarding activity in similar, existing systems is required. This allows the planning and design team to evaluate existing or similar systems to determine existing design flaws and problems and also to highlight efficient aspects that may be carried forward into the new design. The question of what constitutes a similar land-use planning and urban design (LUP & UD) system is worth considering at this juncture. If we concentrate solely on the current generation of systems (with a view to planning the next generation), then it is likely that any design proposals would simply be modifications to current technology, approaches, or practice.
