Unintentional injury is the most common cause of death in children throughout the world. In most countries, blunt trauma, often caused by falls or traffic-related accidents, constitute more than 90% of injuries. Many will be treated in a hospital with limited expertise in paediatric trauma care. Paediatric anatomy and physiology have potential clinical implications and the need for referral should be considered as soon as the patient will tolerate safe transfer to an appropriate facility.