ABSTRACT
Dice are one of the oldest randomization devices known to man. Egyptian tombs, dated from 2000 BC, were found containing dice and there is some evidence of dice in archaeological excavations dating back to 6000 BC. In ancient times, the result of a die throw was not just considered luck, but determined by gods. In the 19th and 20th centuries, standard six-sided dice became a basic component of many commercial board games that were developed. One of the most current popular games is Yahtzee that is played with five dice. To apply the equally likely recipe for computing probabilities, one needs some methods for counting the number of outcomes in the sample space and the number of outcomes in the event. This chapter illustrates a basic counting rule called the multiplication rule. It explains the combinations rule by considering a situation where one is interested in ordering a pizza and there are six possible toppings.
