ABSTRACT
This chapter presents a mechanical failure mechanisms which can arise during non-operating. The main failure mechanisms include fatigue and fracture of various package components, which occur primarily as a result of mismatches in the coefficients of thermal expansion of the various materials that make up the package. The degree of failure generally depends on the natural frequencies, deflections, and mechanical stresses within components and materials produced by the shock and vibration environment. An isolation product can be used at the source of the shock or vibration, in addition to isolating the protected component. The basic considerations when designing for shock and vibration include the location of the component relative to the supporting structure, the orientation of the part with respect to the anticipated direction of the shock or vibration forces, and the method used to mount the part. Shock isolators differ from vibration isolators in that shock requires stiffer spring and a higher natural frequency for the resilient element.
