ABSTRACT
Beam-columnsarestructuralmemberssubjectedtocombinedaxialforcesand bendingmoments.Thebendingmomentsthatarepresentinabeam-columnconsist oftwotypes:primarybendingmomentswhicharisefrommomentsappliedor inducedattheendsofthememberand/ormomentsfromtransverseloadingsonthe member;secondarybendingmomentswhichariseasaresultoftheaxialforceacting throughthelateraldisplacementofthemember.Theso-calledP-r5momentsare momentscausedbytheaxialforceactingthroughthelateraldisplacementofthe memberrelativetoitschord(Fig.1.1a),whereastheP-Llmomentsaremoments causedbytheaxialforceactingthroughtherelativelateraldisplacementofthetwo endsofthemember(Fig.1.1b).
