ABSTRACT
A search through the relevant literature on equine forelimb loading and biomechanics reveals a multitude of studies that are mostly focused on flexor tendon stresses, joint angles or the contact surface areas and pressure distribution patterns at joints. Passive movements and tension distribution caused by flexion and extension movements in individual forelimb joints in foetal foals demonstrate consistent patterns and relationships. Generally, in comparison to the tensional lines apparent in a ventrally extended position, those that are apparent in a more cranial or protracted position of the extended limb are more pronounced, whilst those apparent in a slightly retracted position are not obviously changed. Distally, extension of the digit creates tension in the flexor tendons over the entire length of the distal forelimb. The directional distribution of tension and the passive movements that result from flexion and extension of the digit are much more pronounced with flexion and extension of the fetlock joint.
