ABSTRACT
This chapter describes the approaches for the synthesis of five-membered nitrogen heterocycles with palladium (Pd). Nitrogen-containing heterocyclic compounds because of their presence in biologically active compounds and natural products are by far the most explored heterocycles. Five-membered nitrogen-containing heterocycles like indoles, pyrroles, and carbazoles are present in a number of biologically active compounds. Oximes have been utilized in amino-Heck reactions to create nitrogen heterocycles. J. P. Wolfe et al. has developed a series of Pd-catalyzed alkene aminoarylation reactions for the synthesis of a variety of N-heterocycles including polycyclic guanidines, pyrazolidines and benzodiazepines. In 2008 Y. Yamamoto and Narisreddy synthesized vinyl pyrrolidine derivatives via Pd-catalyzed intramolecular asymmetric hydroamination of internal alkynes. Good yields of heterocycles were reported when an imine or an aldehyde group possessing allylic chlorides were reacted with allyltributylstannane in dimethylformamide in the presence of Pd2(dba)3.CHCl3. Pd-catalyzed carboamination of alkenes has become a useful method for the synthesis of a broad array of nitrogen-containing heterocycles.
