ABSTRACT
Computer vision aims to mimic the human visual system. The objective is to build artificial systems which can extract information from images, i.e., objective is to make computers understand images and videos. Computer vision makes a model from images, whereas computer graphics takes a model as an input and converts it to an image. The gray levels of image pixels are quantized values of image irradiance. A camera uses the principle of projection, and accordingly a 3-dimensional (3D) world point is projected onto the image plane of the camera as a point. An image is formed when the reflected rays strike the image plane. Mapping of a 3D scene to a two-dimensional image plane is known as Perspective projection perspective projection. The concept of how the 2-dimensional image of a 3D real world scene is formed can be explained with the help of the simplest basic pinhole camera model.
