ABSTRACT

Introduction ........................................................................................................ 677

Experimental....................................................................................................... 678

Computational Modeling ................................................................................. 679

Results.................................................................................................................. 679

Computational Modeling ......................................................................... 679

Experimental............................................................................................... 682

Discussion ........................................................................................................... 682

References ........................................................................................................... 682

During a freezing process, ice crystallizes out of solution at a rate largely

dependent on the rate of removal of the heat of crystallization. If this rate is

faster than the diffusion of solutes away from the growing ice front, then the

ice may entrap areas of concentrated solution. If the solute interacts

with/adsorbs to the growing ice front, it may partition itself between the

solution and the grain boundaries of the ice.