ABSTRACT
In bandwidth-efficient digital communication systems the effect of each symbol transmitted over a time
dispersive channel extends beyond the time interval used to represent that symbol. The distortion caused by
the resulting overlap of received symbols is called intersymbol interference (ISI) [Lucky et al., 1968]. ISI arises
in all pulse-modulation systems, including frequency-shift keying (FSK), phase-shift keying (PSK), and
quadrature amplitude modulation (QAM) [Lucky et al., 1968]. However, its effect can be most easily described
for a baseband PAM system.
