ABSTRACT
This chapter argues that the operations of commercial and research vessels are inconceivable without the use of acoustic instruments for various purposes. Acoustic equipment is used for searching and detecting as well as for species, size, and quantitative estimation of commercial concentrations and their targeted fishing. Acoustic equipment for the quantitative estimation of marine biomass is very important. Disposing the acoustic account of commercial items, it became possible to receive quantitative dependences of the impact of environmental factors and fisheries on the ecosystems of water bodies. The establishment of the regularities of quantitative development of life will allow a more adequate forecasting of fish stocks and catch, taking into account their reproduction. The knowledge of quantitative ecological regularities will be required not only in solving problems of preserving commercial resources from extermination, but also in conducting a rational fishing industry and increasing the productivity of the oceans.
