ABSTRACT
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In recent years, there has been significant progress in the development of angiogenesis
inhibitors, particularly those that target the vascular endothelial growth factor receptor-2
(VEGFR-2) (1,2). The rapid emergence of hundreds of molecular agents against numerous
angiogenesis targets offers greater anticancer efficacy with fewer side effects (3). Despite these
recent advances, assessing the effects of angiogenesis inhibitors individually or in combin-
ation, or combined with conventional therapies, has created significant challenges for basic
scientists and clinical investigators to effectively integrate antiangiogenic agents into clinical
practice (4). Thus, better strategies are needed to understand the pharmacodynamic effects of
agents that target angiogenesis by different mechanisms (5).
