ABSTRACT
Detection.tags.are.needed.in.biological.assays.to.identify.specific.products.or.events.from.among. the.thousands.of.molecules.and.events.present.in.a.cell.or.biological.extract..Although.there.are. measurement.techniques.that.can.directly.detect.a.wide.variety.of.native.molecules.(including.mass. spectrometry.and.nuclear.magnetic.resonance.[NMR]),.in.complex.biological.systems,.it.is.often. useful.to.tag.a.specific.molecule.of.interest.to.make.it.“visible”.to.a.detection.system..Optical.tagging.techniques.are.often.favored.because.they.can.be.applied.to.virtually.any.measurement.format,. from.microarrays.to.cellular.assays.to.in vivo.applications.
