ABSTRACT
Driving is a human activity with all the variability that such a statement implies. While driving, humans have to extract information about the world around them, decide on an appropriate course of action, and then implement that course of action. At night or in adverse weather, it may be difficult to extract the relevant information. By day or night, decisions have to be taken quickly. Sometimes, multiple events requiring attention occur simultaneously so there is competition for cognitive resources. Some people are better equipped to deal with such demands than others. Among the factors that determine how well drivers can respond to such demands are the amount of practice they have had and the capabilities of their visual and cognitive systems. How such individual differences affect driving and how lighting might be used to alleviate any consequent problems are the subjects of this chapter.
