ABSTRACT
Note: Normally stabilized with 0.025 wt % of 3,5-di-tert-butyl-4-hydroxytoluene to prevent or inhibit formation of explosive peroxides. CASRN: 109-99-9; DOT: 2056; DOT label: Flammable liquid; molecular formula: C4H8O; FW: 72.11; RTECS: LU5950000; Merck Index: 12, 9351 Physical state, color, and odor: Clear, colorless, flammable liquid with a strong ether-like odor. Odor threshold concentration is 2 ppm (quoted, Amoore and Hautala, 1983). Melting point (°C): -108 (Weast, 1986) Boiling point (°C): 65.90 (Krishnaiah and Surendranath, 1996) Density (g/cm3): 0.8890 at 20 °C (Qun-Fang et al., 1997) 0.87914 at 30.00 °C (Krishnaiah and Surendranath, 1996) 0.8833 at 25.00 °C, 0.8779 at 30.00 °C, 0.8724 at 35.00 °C (Aminabhavi and Patil, 1998) Diffusivity in water (x 10-5 cm2/sec at 25 °C): 1.08 (x = 0.00182), 1.02 (x = 0.00511), 0.93 (x = 0.0137), 0.84 (x = 0.0270), 0.56 (x = 0.0585), 0.35 (x = 0.0967), 0.21 (x = 0.0199), 0.23 (x = 0.273), 0.28 (x = 0.0369), 0.43 (x = 0.489), 0.85 (x = 0.690), 1.46 (x = 0.0822), 2.20 (x = 0.896), 3.05 (x = 0.953), 4.18 (x = 0.982) (Leaist et al., 2000) Flash point (°C): -15.6 (open cup, Eastman, 1995) -17.2 (Windholz et al., 1983) Lower explosive limit (%): 1.8 (Sax and Lewis, 1987) Upper explosive limit (%): 11.8 (NIOSH, 1997) Entropy of fusion (cal/mol⋅K): 12.39 (Lebedev and Lityagov, 1977) Heat of fusion (kcal/mol): 2.041 (Lebedev and Lityagov, 1976; Lebedev et al., 1978)
7.14 (Cabani et al., 1971) 4.55 (Signer et al., 1969) 1.54 (static headspace-GC, Welke et al., 1998) Ionization potential (eV): 9.40 (Lias, 1998) Soil organic carbon/water partition coefficient, log Koc: 1.37 and 1.26 for Captina silt loam and McLaurin sandy loam, respectively (Walton et al., 1992) Octanol/water partition coefficient, log Kow: 0.22 (shake flask-GLC, Funasaki et al., 1985) 0.46 (Hansch and Leo, 1979) Solubility in organics: Soluble in alcohols, ketones, esters, ethers, and hydrocarbons (Windholz et al., 1983) Solubility in water: Miscible (Fischer and Ehrenberg, 1948; Palit, 1947) 4.2 M at 25 °C (Fischer and Ehrenberg, 1948) Vapor density: 2.95 g/L at 25 °C, 2.49 (air = 1) Vapor pressure (mmHg): 83.6 at 10 °C, 131.5 at 20 °C, 197.6 at 30 °C (quoted, Verschueren, 1983) 114 at 15 °C (Sax and Lewis, 1987) Environmental fate: Photolytic. The rate constants for the reaction of tetrahydrofuran and OH radicals in the atmosphere are 1.67 x 10-11 cm3/molecule⋅sec at 298 K (Moriarty et al., 2003) and 8.8 x 10-12 cm3/molecule⋅sec at 300 K (Hendry and Kenley, 1979). Atkinson et al. (1988) reported a rate constant of 4.875 x 10-15 cm3/molecule⋅sec for the reaction with NO3 radicals in air. Exposure limits: NIOSH REL: TWA 200 ppm (590 mg/m3), STEL 250 ppm (735 mg/m3), IDLH 2,000 ppm; OSHA PEL: TWA 200 ppm; ACGIH TLV: TWA 200 ppm, STEL 250 ppm (adopted). Symptoms of exposure: Vapors may irritate respiratory tract and eyes. An anesthetic at high concentrations (Patnaik, 1992). Toxicity: LC50 (96-h) for fathead minnows 2,160 mg/L (Veith et al., 1983). Acute oral LD50 for rats 2,816 mg/kg (quoted, RTECS, 1985). Source: Leaches from PVC cement used to join tubing (Wang and Bricker, 1979) Uses: Solvent for uncured rubber, polyvinyl chlorides, vinyl chloride copolymers, 1,1-dichloroethylene copolymers, polyurethane coatings; natural resins; topcoating solutions; cellophane; magnetic tapes; adhesives; printing inks; organic synthesis.
