ABSTRACT
CASRN: 110-02-1; DOT: 2414; molecular formula: C4H4S; FW: 84.14; RTECS: XM7350000; Merck Index: 12, 9490 Physical state, color, and odor: Clear, colorless liquid with an aromatic odor resembling benzene. An odor threshold concentration of 0.056 ppbv was reported by Nagata and Takeuchi (1990). Melting point (°C): -38.2 (Weast, 1986) -30 (quoted, Verschueren, 1983) Boiling point (°C): 84.2 (Weast, 1986) Density (g/cm3): 1.0649 at 20 °C (Weast, 1986) 1.0873 at 0 °C, 1.0573 at 25 °C (Windholz et al., 1983) Diffusivity in water (x 10-5 cm2/sec): 1.01 at 20 °C using method of Hayduk and Laudie (1974) Flash point (°C): -1.1 (Hawley, 1981) Heat of fusion (kcal/mol): 1.216 (quoted, Riddick et al., 1986) Henry’s law constant (x 10-3 atm⋅m3/mol at 25 °C): 2.33 and 2.70 in distilled water and seawater, respectively (Przyjazny et al., 1983) Ionization potential (eV): 8.860 (Lias, 1998) Soil organic carbon/water partition coefficient, log Koc: 1.73 using method of Kenaga and Goring (1980) Octanol/water partition coefficient, log Kow: 1.81 (quoted, Leo et al., 1971) 1.82 (quoted, Sangster, 1989) Solubility in organics: Miscible with carbon tetrachloride, heptane, pyrimidine, dioxane, toluene, and many organic solvents (quoted, Keith and Walters, 1992)
3,015 mg/kg at 25 °C (shake flask-GLC, Price, 1976) 3,600 mg/L at 18 °C (quoted, Verschueren, 1983) 2-5 mM at 20 °C (Fischer and Ehrenberg, 1948) Vapor density: 3.44 g/L at 25 °C, 2.90 (air = 1) Vapor pressure (mmHg): 60 at 20 °C (quoted, Verschueren, 1983) 79.7 at 25 °C (Wilhoit and Zwolinski, 1971) 337 at 60.3 °C, 486 at 70.3 °C, 686 at 80.3 °C, 951 at 90.3 °C (Eon et al., 1971) Environmental fate: Photolytic. A rate constant 9.70 x 10-12 cm3/molecule⋅sec was reported for the reaction of thiophene and OH radicals in the atmosphere at room temperature (Atkinson, 1985). Thiophene also reacts with NO3 radicals in the atmosphere at rate constants ranging from 3.2 x 10-14 (Atkinson et al., 1985) to 3.93 x 10-14 cm3/molecule⋅sec (Atkinson, 1991). Toxicity: LD50 (intraperitoneal) for mice 100 mg/kg (quoted, RTECS, 1985). Uses: Solvent; manufacturing resins, dyes, and pharmaceuticals.
