ABSTRACT
CASRN: 115-86-6; molecular formula: C18H15O4P; FW: 326.29; RTECS: TC8400000; Merck Index: 12, 9872 Physical state, color, and odor: Colorless, solid with a faint, phenol-like odor Melting point (°C): 48.5 (Fordyce and Meyer, 1940) 50-51 (Weast, 1986) Boiling point (°C): 245 at 11 mmHg (Weast, 1986) Density (g/cm3): 1.2055 at 50 °C (Weast, 1986) 1.268 at 60 °C (Sax and Lewis, 1987) Diffusivity in water (x 10-5 cm2/sec): 0.46 at 20 °C using method of Hayduk and Laudie (1974) Flash point (°C): 222 (NIOSH, 1997) 223 (Dean, 1987) Entropy of fusion (cal/mol⋅K): 21.95 (Rabinovich et al., 1986) Heat of fusion (kcal/mol): 7.077 (Rabinovich et al., 1986) Henry’s law constant (x 10-2 atm⋅m3/mol): 5.88 at 20 °C (approximate - calculated from water solubility and vapor pressure) Bioconcentration factor, log BCF: 2.60 (Alburnus alburnus, Devillers et al., 1996) Soil organic carbon/water partition coefficient, log Koc: 3.72 using method of Kenaga and Goring (1980) Octanol/water partition coefficient, log Kow: 4.63 (shake flask-GC, Saeger et al., 1979)
Soluble in alcohol, benzene, chloroform, and ether (Weast, 1986) Solubility in water: 0.002 wt % at 54 °C (NIOSH, 1997) 0.73 mg/L at 24 °C (practical grade, Verschueren, 1983) Vapor pressure (x 10-6 mmHg): 6.46 at 25 °C (Dobry and Keller, 1957) Environmental fate: Chemical/Physical. When an aqueous solution containing triphenyl phosphate (0.1 mg/L) and chlorine (3 to 1,000 mg/L) was stirred in the dark at 20 °C for 24 h, the benzene ring was substituted with one to three chlorine atoms (Ishikawa and Baba, 1988). The reported hydrolysis half-lives at pH values of 8.2 and 9.5 were 7.5 and 1.3 d, respectively (Howard and Doe, 1979). Decomposes at temperatures greater than 410 °C (Dobry and Keller, 1957) Exposure limits (mg/m3): NIOSH REL: TWA 3, IDLH 1,000; OSHA PEL: TWA 3; ACGIH TLV: TWA 3 (adopted). Symptoms of exposure: May cause depression of central nervous system and irritation of eyes, skin, and respiratory tract (Patnaik, 1992) Toxicity: EC50 (96-h) for scud 0.25 mg/L (Huckins et al., 1991). EC50 (48-h) for midge 0.36 mg/L (Huckins et al., 1991). LC50 (96-h) for bluegill sunfish 0.78 mg/L (Huckins et al., 1991). Acute oral LD50 for mice 1,320 mg/kg, rats 3,500 mg/kg (quoted, RTECS, 1985). Source: Triphenyl phosphate was identified as a component in outer covers of brand-new computer video display units. Concentrations were estimated to be 8 to 10 and 0.3 to 0.5 wt % in 4 and 6 video display units, respectively. The concentrations of triphenyl phosphate in the remaining 8 video display units were <0.02 wt % (Carlsson et al., 2000). Uses: Camphor substitute in celluloid; impregnating roofing paper; plasticizer in lacquers and varnishes; renders acetylcellulose, airplane “dope,” nitrocellulose, stable and fireproof; gasoline additives; insecticides; floatation agents; antioxidants, stabilizers, and surfactants.
