ABSTRACT
Increased understanding of the basic pathologies of several noncommunicable diseases suggests that chronic inflammation may be a common underlying mechanism. Chronic inflammation has been linked with asthma, Alzheimer’s disease, cardiovascular disease, and cancer and diabetes, among others. Inflammatory processes, including the release of proinflammatory cytokines and formation of reactive oxygen and nitrogen species, are an essential part of the immune system. Polymorphisms in the genes affecting immune response will have predictable effects on susceptibility to disease, while other genes affecting antioxidant effects, apoptosis, and cell signaling will interact. Each of the stages involved in inflammation is likely to respond to a different dietary intervention, and a complementary approach may be necessary to optimally reduce symptoms. Understanding the genetic polymorphisms involved may aid in developing more precise dietary strategies, in order to reduce chronic inflammation and its long-term implications.
