ABSTRACT
Nomenclature ..................................................................................................................... 628
References .......................................................................................................................... 628
Application of computational fluid dynamics (CFD) in hygienic design has many possibilities
at different levels of detail and complexity, from the prediction of adhesion and cleaning
based on a hydrodynamic parameter point of view, over the more detailed approach where
hydrodynamic parameters from CFD simulations are used as input to mathematical models
of adhesion and cleaning, to the use of CFD for predicting pasteurization and sterilization of
equipment based on heat transfer due to convection and in some cases also conduction of heat
through solid surfaces. The sparse work done so far focuses on applying CFD for prediction
of cleaning in closed processing equipment as this provides relatively well-defined boundary
conditions. Extending it to open equipment increases the complexity of the modeling, as two-
phase flow and free surface flows in these cases have to be modeled and this is still a fairly new
subject to treat for commercial CFD programs.
