ABSTRACT
This chapter describes a reference model for the retail supply chain and the terminology that goes with it. This model, as shown in Figure 1.1, plays a role when there is a need for a common definition of a subject like retail supply chains. The simplified model in Figure 1.1 includes, starting from right to left:
1. Customers or end-users 2. Retailers 3. Distributors 4. Original equipment manufacturers (OEMs) 5. First-tier suppliers 6. Second-tier suppliers 7. Service providers
Not shown for the sake of simplicity is a wide range of supply chain service providers (#7). Examples include warehouse operators, transportation companies, trading companies, and customs brokers. These act to connect the other players listed. Some service providers, such as contract manufacturers, may play roles of secondtier suppliers.
